Halachically Speaking Authored By Rabbi Moishe Dovid Lebovits Reviewed

halachically speaking authored by rabbi moishe dovid lebovits reviewed by rabbi ben-zion schiffenbauer shlita all piskei haravyisroel

Halachically Speaking
Authored by Rabbi Moishe Dovid Lebovits
Reviewed by Rabbi Ben-zion Schiffenbauer Shlita
All Piskei HaravYisroel Belsky Shlita
are reviewed by HaravYisroel Belsky Shlita
Volume 4 Issue 19
Halachos of Coffee Part 1
Coffee is a widely consumed stimulant beverage prepared from roasted
beans of the coffee plant. Coffee has been around for hundreds of
years (beginning in the ninth century). Today, there are many types of
coffee, such as espresso, cappuccino, and latte.
Coffee appears to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, heart
disease and diabetes. Some say that although coffee can cause some
medical problems, the opinion of most medical experts is that drinking
up to three eight-ounce cups of coffee per day does not have
significant health risks for adults.1
Many people drink a cup of coffee every day, while others drink
multiple cups.2 There are many halachic issues which arise when
drinking coffee. These issues will be discussed at length in this
issue.
The halachos are listed in the order that they appear in Shulchan
Aruch.
Wearing Tefillin and Drinking Coffee
The Shulchan Aruch3 says one who is going to eat a large meal should
take off his tefillin, but if he is eating a temporary meal then there
is no need to do so. The reason is because we are afraid he may become
drunk at a large meal and it will be a disgrace to the tefillin.4 Some
poskim feel that the Shulchan Aruch’s rule applied in his times when
tefillin were worn all day, However, today maybe it would be different
since we only wear it for krias shema and davening.5 However, others
are stringent even today.6
L’maseh, the custom is to be lenient and permit the drinking of coffee
while wearing tefillin.7
Drinking Coffee before Davening
The poskim say that drinking water is permitted before davening, as
this is not a haughty act.8 Others are more stringent with this.9 Any
drink that will bring one to intoxication
is prohibited before davening.10 In previous years, drinking coffee
with milk and sugar was considered a haughty act.11 Today, this is not
the case, and one is permitted to drink coffee with sugar and milk
before davening if it is necessary to enable one to concentrate during
davening.12 An ice coffee made with a lot of milk, or cappuccino, etc.
is not permitted.13
Pas Shacharis
According to the basic reading of the Shulchan Aruch it seems that one
should wash for bread every morning in order to have pas shacharis.14
However, many say one is not required to eat bread, and whatever one
eats in the morning is sufficient, as long as it is filling.15 Some
say one should be careful to have a food that is mezonos.16
Accordingly, breakfast cereals which are made from the five grains may
be used as pas shacharis (i.e. Cheerios®, Oatmeal, Farina, etc.).17
Others say having a coffee in the morning is sufficient.18 The shiur
for one who eats is a kebeitzah.19 One who has nothing to eat can
drink water.20 Even one who is traveling should still try to have pas
shacharis.21
Dipping Danish into Coffee
Some people like to dip their danish into coffee before eating it. The
question arises if the coffee is considered a tafel to the danish.
L’maseh, in most situations the coffee and danish are both the ikkur.
In a situation where the coffee may not be eaten as an ikkur, the
Mishnah Berurah22 advises to first recite a beracha on the danish and
then a shehakol on a different shehakol item which will exempt the
coffee from a beracha.
Zimon when Drinking Coffee
If two people sit down to a meal which includes bread, and a third
person wishes to join them, they should ask him to eat bread with them
so they can recite zimun together.23 If he does not want to eat bread
then the third person may eat any food which is a kezayis.24 If the
third person drank fruit juice then zimun can also be said.25 Some
poskim are of the opinion that coffee and tea is also sufficient and
the three people can say zimun.26 Others allow soda or lemonade,27
while others argue with this.28 If the third person drank water no
zimun is recited.29
Beracha on Coffee at the End of a Meal
A drink which is meant to satisfy someone is included with the beracha
made on the bread in the beginning of a meal, but if it is not part of
the meal then one recites a beracha on it.30 This halacha has
ramifications in regards to coffee. Many poskim say that no beracha is
recited on any drink which is drunk at the end of a meal, 31 while
others say a beracha is recited.32 Other poskim say if it is the
normal manner to drink coffee at the end of a meal then no beracha is
recited on it, but if it is not the normal manner then a beracha is
recited.33 Some are of the opinion to make a shehakol on a sugar cube
and the beracha will go on the coffee.34
Beracha on a Hot Drink
One should make sure that one can drink the beverage before one
recites the beracha.35 Therefore, one should blow very hot coffee to
cool it down before reciting a beracha.
Drinking Water to Clear Throat
The beracha rishona recited on water is a shehakol,36 and the beracha
achrona is a borei nefoshos.37 This beracha is only recited if one is
thirsty for water.38 If one is not thirsty, then one does not recite a
beracha rishona or a beracha achrona.39 The reason is because water
itself has no taste, and one who is not drinking it in order to quench
his thirst, is not having any enjoyment from the water.40 One who has
a food particle stuck in his throat, and wants to drink water to clear
his throat would not recite a beracha since he is not drinking the
water for enjoyment.41
Other Beverages – Seltzer / Mineral /Spring Water
When one drinks any beverage, that has a taste, a beracha is recited.42
Therefore, if one drinks cold coffee, orange juice, etc. when he is
taking a pill (even without being thirsty) a beracha would be recited
since coffee and orange juice has a taste.
One who is not thirsty and drinks coffee without sugar and does not
have enjoyment would not recite a beracha. 43
Beracha Rishona
The halacha is if one takes a vegetable etc and cooks it the beracha
on the water is the same beracha as the vegetable, etc.44 Therefore,
the beracha on coffee should be an ha’etz. However, the custom is that
the beracha recited on coffee (in the liquid state) is shehakol.45
Some say the reason is because the water is the main ingredient.46
No beracha is recited if one eats ground coffee beans by themselves.47
Beracha Achrona
There is a big discussion in the poskim if one recites a beracha
achrona on coffee, tea or a very cold liquid since one does not drink
the coffee within the shiur allotted for drinking a beverage (kedi
sh’tiyas reviis).48 Some say that a beracha achrona may be recited
since coffee is meant to drink hot, it is the derech, for it to take a
long time to drink.49 However, the opinion of many poskim is that a
beracha achrona is not recited.50 Others say that in order to go
according to all opinions, one should let the coffee cool off and
leave a reviis over at the end and recite a boreh nefoshos on that
shiur.51 Some poskim suggest one should put a sugar cube in his mouth
so that the beracha achrona on the sugar will exempt the coffee.52
Beracha on Smelling Coffee
One who smells the fragrance of coffee does not recite a beracha on
it.53 Some say if one has intention to smell it than a beracha should
be made,54 and the beracha is hanosson reiach tov b’peiros.55
Kiddush (or Havdala)56 on Coffee (and other drinks)
Many times it can happen that one who does not have wine may have
other drinks, and the question arises which drinks are permitted to be
used for kiddush or havdala. (This entire discussion does not pertain
to Friday night, and if one does not have any wine or grape juice he
has to make kiddush on challah).57 (A detailed discussion on the topic
of chamar medina will IY”H appear in volume six of Halachically
Speaking).
Coffee and Tea
Some poskim say that tea and coffee may be used as chamar medina,58
while others say it is not considered chamar medina.59 However, many
poskim say that tea with sugar may only be used if he has no other
beverage which is a chamar medina beverage.60 The following are
reasons why it is questionable if coffee is considered chamar medina
1. it is not clear if coffee is a mashka since it is merely water
which has absorbed the flavor of the coffee beans. This is the reason
why there is no problem of bishul akum by coffee (this topic will IY”H
be discussed at a later time), since bishul akum does not apply to
water.61 2. One usually drinks coffee for its caffeine content, rather
than as an important drink. This can be seen from the fact that one
does not drink coffee because he necessarily likes it, rather one
drinks coffee to strengthen his performance, or to wake him up.
It should be noted that those who rely on the lenient opinion should
put milk62 and sugar in the coffee, and sugar in the tea when using it
for chamar medina.63
Drinking Coffee before Kiddush or Havdala
In the morning after one davens one is not allowed to eat before
making kiddush.64 However, drinking water before davening is
permitted, since the time for kiddush has not yet arrived.65 Drinking
coffee and tea is likewise permitted before davening (see page two
above).66 One is allowed to drink water before hearing havdala,67 but
drinking coffee is not permitted for a healthy person.68
Instant Coffee on Shabbos
On Shabbos, instant coffee should be prepared in the following manner:
Water should be poured from a kli rishon into a dry cup (kli sheini).
One may then add instant tea, coffee, or sugar etc.69 Some say that
one should be more stringent and transfer the water into a third cup
before adding ingredients.70 In regard to coloring on Shabbos, some
poskim say one should first put in the coffee or tea and then add the
water.71
Pesach
In order to make decaffeinated coffee many companies use ethyl acetate
which may be derived from chometz. Therefore one must purchase
decaffeinated coffee for Pesach with
a hechsher.72 All year, including Pesach73 one is permitted to buy
regular coffee without a hechsher.74 Some have the custom not to use
coffee on Pesach.75
Eating and Drinking After the Afikomen
One is not allowed to eat or drink after the afikomen (except the
third and fourth cup of the daled kosos) in order that the taste of
the matzah should linger in the mouth.76 Water and the like are
permitted.77 Many poskim permit the drinking tea without sugar, and
some permit coffee as well.78
1 Refer to www.coffeedetective.com.
2 One of the reasons so many people drink coffee is because it wakes
them up. The reason for this is because brain cells release adenosine
when they are overworked. This slows downs the work load of the brain
cells to give them time to relax. The caffeine blocks the adenosine
and the brain does not slow down (www.coffeedetective.com).
3 O.C. 40:8.
4 Mishnah Berurah 17.
5 Mishnah Berurah 19. The shiur of a temporary meal is a kebetziah
(Mishnah Berurah 20).
6 Aruch Ha’shulchan 5.
7 Teshuros Shai 1:215, Tzitz Eliezer 7:27:1, Rivevos Ephraim 2:27:20,
2:48:9:11:2. The Chai Moshe 1:page 168 says that the Chasam Sofer wore
tefillin and drank a coffee while giving a shiur.
8 Rosh ibid, Madanei Yom Tov 50, Tur, Bais Yosef, Shulchan Aruch 3,
Magen Avraham 11, Mishnah Berurah 22, Aruch Ha’shulchan 23, Yalkut
Yosef page 146, Ketzos Ha’shulchan 11:2. The Aruch Ha’shulchan 23
permits the drinking of seltzer and lemonade before shacharis.
9 Ben Ish Chai Yisro 1:18, Kaf Ha’chaim 30,34, Be’er Hetiv 11.
10 Mishnah Berurah 22, Kaf Ha’chaim 33, Oz Nedberu 11:46.
11 Refer to Be’er Hetiv 11, Machtzis Ha’shekel 11, Sdei Chemed Rosh
Hashana page 288, Chai Adom 16:1, Kaf Ha’chaim 31, Mishnah Berurah 22,
Ohr L’tzyion 2:7:7, Siach Ha’tefilla page 624, Nekius V’kovod
B’tefilla page 180:104.
12 Harav Yisroel Belsky shlita, see Eretz Tzvi 2:1, Teshuros Shai 367,
Keren L’Dovid 21:4, Aruch Ha’shulchan 23, Orchos Chaim 10, Ketzos
Ha’shulchan 11:2, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 1:73, Divrei Chachumim 4:44,
Tefilla K’hilchoso 6:13 quoting Harav Elyashiv Shlita, Yalkut Yosef
page 146, Minhag Yisroel Torah, Yabea Omer 3:19:4, 4:11, Halichos
Shlomo 2:2, Oz Nedberu 11:46, Shearim Metzuyanim B’halacha 8:2,
Mivakshei Torah 3:page 248, Nishmas Avraham 1:page 53, Orchos Rabbeinu
1:181 page 57, Avnei Yushfei 5:14:4.
13 Harav Yisroel Belsky Shlita.
14 Chacham Tzvi 15:pages 50-51 (new).
15 Eishel Avraham Butchatch 155.
16 Pri Megadim M.Z 155: 1, Kaf Ha’chaim 23, Ohr L’tzyion 2:10:6,
Rivevos Ephraim 3:590:21, 35.
17 HaravYisroel Belsky Shlita.
18 Eishel Avraham Butchatch, Kaf Ha’chaim 23, Minhag Yisroel Torah
155:16. Some say it is segula to remember (Piskei Teshuvos
155:footnote 58, Kuntres Zichron Shneur 70:see 58).
19 M.Z. 155:1, Kaf Ha’chaim 29, refer to Biur Halacha “yuchul.”
20 Kaf Ha’chaim 29. Refer to Shar Ha’tzyion 155:3.
21 Toras Haderech 6:15:page 75.
22 168:65, Shar Ha’tzyion 63.
23 Shulchan Aruch 197:3.
24 Shulchan Aruch ibid, Mishnah Berurah 22. One should preferably eat
pas haba b’kisnin (Mishnah Berurah 197:19).
25 Refer to Mishnah Berurah 197:14, 20, Vezos Ha’beracha page 130:3.
26 Teshuvos V’hanhugos 1:183, Keitzad M’zamin 9:29, Vezos Ha’beracha
page 130:3 quoting the opinion of HaravShternbuch Shlita, Sharei
Ha’beracha 5:footnote 18, see Piskei Teshuvos 197:2. Refer to Kovetz
Teshuvos (Harav Elyashiv Shlita) 1:22 who says tea is not good for
this halacha. See Ohr L’tzyion 2:46:32 who is stringent since coffee
is mainly water.
27 Mishnah Berurah 197:12, Aruch Ha’shulchan 197:5.
28 Vezos Ha’beracha ibid quoting the opinion of Harav Shternbuch
Shlita and Harav Fisher zt”l.
29 Biur Halacha 204 “ha’shoseh,” Aruch Ha’shulchan 197:5, see Magen
Avraham 197:6 who argues.
30 Shulchan Aruch 174:7, Chai Adom 43:1. See Vezos Ha’beracha page 73.
31 Refer to Ben Ish Chai Nosso 1:6, Mishnah Berurah 174:39, Rivevos
Ephraim 8:72.
32 Chai Adom 43:11, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 43:7, Rivevos Ephraim
8:485:2. Refer to Aruch Ha’shulchan 174:14 who says a beracha is made
on tea, but is not made on coffee.
33 Teshuvos V’hanhugos 3:72. The Briska Rav zt”l recited on beracha on
coffee at the end of a meal. See Oz Nedberu 10:22.
34 Harav Yisroel Belsky Shlita. See Mishnah Berurah 174:39, Be’er
Moshe 5:50.
35 Elya Rabbah 202:1, Mishnah Berurah 206:12, Aruch Ha’shulchan
202:11, Kaf Ha’chaim 206:22.
36 Mishnah Mesechtas Berochos 44a, Gemorah 44b-45a, Tosfas
“d’chankusei,” Rosh 6:43, Rif page 32a, Tur 204, Shulchan Aruch 204:7,
Levush 7, Lekutei Halachas 2:282:283, Chai Adom 49:9, Ben Ish Chai
Matos 1:12, Aruch Ha’shulchan 18, Halichos Olom 1:page 350. If one
recited a borei nefoshos as a beracha rishona on water he was yotzei
b’dieved (Kaf Ha’chaim 37, Rivevos Ephriam 2:77).
37 Refer to Gemorah ibid 45a, Tosfas ibid, Rashi “maiy.”
38 Refer to Rashba Berochos 45a:page 40 (old). The Mishnah Berurah 40
says even if one is not thirsty however if his body has enjoyment from
the water a beracha is recited. The Tama D’kra (page 209 haftora to
Parshas Noach) explains this Gemorah in aggadic terms. Water is
comparable to Torah if one is not thirsty for Torah then he cannot
acquire Torah.
3939 Rosh Berochos 6:43, Rabbeinu Yona Berochos page 64, Rambam
Hilchos Berochos 8:1, Tur, Shulchan Aruch 204:7, Be’er Heitiv 13, Ben
Ish Chai Mattos 1:12, Kaf Ha’chaim 44,46, Yufei Leleiv 204:10. The
Butchatch is of the opinion that even though one might not recite a
beracha rishona on water when he is not thirsty, one does recite a
beracha achrona. The poskim disagree with this ruling. (Shevet Ha’Levi
9:42, Piskei Teshuvos 204:footnote 61, Yabea Omer 5:18). The Vezos
Ha’beracha page 311:3 says when one is drinking water, other than to
quench his thirst it is not called drinking, and therefore a beracha
is not recited.
40 Tosfas ibid, Magen Avraham 18, Be’er Heitiv 13, Machtzis Ha’shekel,
Levush 7, Chai Adom 49:9, Biur Halacha “hashosei,” Shar Ha’tzyion 34,
Aruch Ha’shulchan 18, Kaf Ha’chaim 45. See Taz 114:1, Shach 1 and
Aruch Ha’shulchan 12 regarding beer and bishul akum.
41 Gemorah ibid, Tosfas ibid, Shulchan Aruch ibid, Levush ibid,
Shulchan Aruch Harav 13, Chai Adom ibid, Biur Halacha “d’chankusei,”
Aruch Ha’shulchan ibid.
42 Tosfas ibid, Shiltei Geborim Berochos 6:5, Tur, Magen Avraham 18,
Machtzis Ha’shekel, Be’er Heitiv 13, Gra 22, Levush 8, Shulchan Aruch
Harav 13, Ben Ish Chai Mattos 1:12, Mishnah Berurah 42, Aruch
Ha’shulchan 19, Pischei Halacha Berochos 4:10. If the drink has a shem
mashka then one would recite a beracha on it. (Vezos Ha’beracha page
114:16). Petel is a drink which is found mainly in Eretz Yisroel and
is mostly water, but has a flavor to it therefore one would recite a
beracha on it even if one is not thirsty (see Eishel Avraham
Butchatch, Sharei Ha’beracha 18:footnote 75).
43 Shevet Ha’kehusi 1:96. One who is drinking water in order to exempt
the coffee from a boreh nefoshos is not doing a valid action (Yabea
Omer O.C. 5:18:8).
44 Mesechtas Berochos 39a, Shulchan Aruch 205:1.
45 Halachos Ketanos 1:9, Shevus Yaakov 2:5, Birchei Yosef 202:9, Ben
Ish Chai Pinchus 1:10, Be’er Heitiv 202:19, Sheilas Yaavetz 2:142,
Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 53:3, Kaf Ha’chaim 202:70, Pachad Yitzchok
(Cofffee) 7:page 60, Rivevos Ephraim 5:148, Yalkut Yosef 3:page
338:14, Chazzon Ovadia (Tu B’shevat) pages 282-283, Piskei Teshuvos
202:28, Rivevos Ephraim 6:79, Sharei Ha’beracha 17:44 and pages
680-681:footnote 654. If one recited ha’etz he was yotzei (Opinion of
the Yabea Omer quoted in Yalkut Yosef ibid page 339, see V’sein
Beracha page 450:footnote 21 who says this is not true for instant
coffee). See Panim M’eros 1:95, 190. Refer to Pnei Ha’shulchan pages
178-180.
46 Refer to Pnei Ha’shulchan page 179, see Shulchan Aruch Harav
202:12, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 53:3, Yechaveh Da’as 4:42.
47 Piskei Teshuvos 202:page 707, Sharei Ha’beracha page 681. See
Sharei Ha’beracha page 713.
48 Some say the shiur is about a minute (Harav Yisroel Belsky Shlita,
see Seder Birchos Haneinen 8:5, Shar Ha’tzyion 210:11). Harav Zilber
Shlita says it means about two minutes (Vezos Ha’beracha page 351).
Refer to Rivevos Ephraim 4:53 who says the shiur is twenty seconds.
Refer to Kashrus Kurrents from the Star-K who says the shiur is thirty
seconds. Some say it means three sips (Vezos Ha’beracha page 227).
49 Maharam Shik O.C. 85, Melamed L’huyel O.C. 1:25, Opinion of Harav
Wosner Shlita quoted in Sharei Ha’beracha page 304:footnote 42. Refer
to Halachos Ketanos 1:9, Sharei Teshuva 204:12, Panim M’eros 2:27,
Shulchan Aruch Harav in Seder Birchos Haneinen 8:6, Da’as Torah 204:7,
Teshuvos V’hanhugos 2:135 quoting the opinions of the Chasam Sofer and
the Divrei Chaim, Pnei Ha’shulchan pages 284-285, Betzel Hachuchma
3:114:5, Shevet Ha’Levi 1-:42:13. The opinion of Harav Wosner Shlita
is that a boreh nefoshos is recited even if it took longer than the
shiur of sh’tiyas reviis (Quoted in Sharei Ha’beracha page
304:footnote 42. The reason is because some say the shiur that one has
to drink is from 2-9 minutes). Opinion of the father of the Piskei
Teshuvos quoted in Piskei Teshuvos 688:footnote 23, opinions of Harav
Elyashiv Shlita quoted in Vezos Ha’beracha page 227, Shemiras Shabbos
K’hilchoso 54:footnote 96 quoting the opinion of Harav Shlomo Zalman
Aurbach zt”l. See Maharam Shik O.C. 263, Divrei Yisroel 3:159:2. Some
say one should drink it within two minutes (Refer to Vezos Ha’beracha
page 228, Avnei Yushfei 1:41).
50 Ben Ish Chai Massei 1:9, Birchei Yosef 204:5, Moreh B’etzbah 3:96,
Chai Adom 50:15, Nishmas Adom 1:50:5, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 51:6,
Mishnah Berurah 210:1, Aruch Ha’shulchan 202:7, Kaf Ha’chaim 204:40,
Yabea Omer O.C. 5:18 in great depth, Rivevos Ephraim 1:131, 4:53, ,
5:166, 8:86, see 8:475, E’ven Pina 1:9:page 9, Ohr L’tzyion 2:14:27,
Yabea Omer O.C. 5:18. Some say no beracha achrona is recited on coffee
even one one has ice coffee since one is not used to making a beracha
achrona on it (Ohr L’tzyion ibid:footnote 27).
51 Be’er Heitiv 204:12, Mishnah Berurah 210:1, Birchos Habayis 16:14,
Yabea Omer O.C. 5:18, Rivevos Ephraim 2:77:page 129, see Aruch
Ha’shulchan ibid.
52 Harav Yisroel Belsky Shlita, see Maharam Shik O.C. 85.
53 Kaf Ha’chaim 86, Lekutei Maharich ibid:page 265, Birchos Hareiach
page 130:9.
54 Yaskil Avdi 8:14 in the hashmutos, Vezos Ha’beracha page 174
quoting the opinion of HaravFisher zt”l. Refer to Oleinu L’sha’be’ach
2:page 599.
55 Mishnah Berurah 216:16.
56 One may use chamar medina by havdala even if there is wine
available (Refer to Shulchan Aruch 296:2, Ohr L’tzyion 2:22:2:footnote
2).
57 Rama 272:9, Mishnah Berurah 28, Yesodo Yeshurin 4:page 454, Nishmas
Shabbos 2:100. However, if he has no wine or bread for his Friday
night meal he may use chamar medina in order not to lose out on
kiddush (Kaf Ha’chaim 272:50).
58 Refer to Da’as Torah 296:2, Aruch Ha’shulchan 272:14, Ashrei
Yiladito pages 233-234, Rabbi Webster on Pregnancy and Childbirth in
the Hebrew section pages 40-41:57. Opinion of Harav Sheinberg Shlita
quoted in Divrei Chachumim page 86:227, The Radiance of Shabbos page
74:footnote 16. See Rivevos Ephraim 4:186:1.
59 Ketzos Ha’shulchan 97:badi 8, Machzei Eliyahu 34, Yesodo Yeshurin
4:pages 454-455, Ohr L’tzyion 2:20:19, Yechaveh Da’as 2:38, Yabea Omer
3:19.
60 Refer to Aruch Ha’shulchan 272:14, 296:13, Igros Moshe ibid about
tea, Shemiras Shabbos K’hilchoso 53:11, Tzitz Eliezer 8:16, Rivevos
Ephraim 4:186, Nishmas Shabbos 2:104, Kovetz Bais Aron V’Yisroel
60:pages 75-78. Refer to Minchas Shabbos 96:6. The Tzitz Eliezer 14:42
says many gedolim in Eretz Yisroel and in Chutz L’aretz made havdala
on black coffee or coffee with milk. The opinion of the Yechaveh Da’as
2:38 is that if one used coffee or tea as chamar medina then he has to
repeat kiddush or havdala. Refer to Yabea Omer 3:19 who says if one
can not drink wine on Shabbos day because it causes damage to him,
then if making it on beer is not possible because he can not drink the
shiur on an empty stomach, then he can make it on coffee, tea etc. The
Tzitz Eliezer ibid says using coffee etc is permitted even for havdala.
61 Refer to Machzei Eliyahu 34.
62 Refer to Tzitz Eliezer 8:16 who says adding milk to coffee is not
necessary. See Kovetz Bais Aron V’Yisroel 59:page 144.
63 Machzei Eliyahu 34.
64 Shulchan Aruch 289:1. This applies to women as well (Mishnah
Berurah 299:6). However, other halachos apply to them if they do not
daven every day (This will be discussed at a later time). Refer to
Halichos Beisa 15:footnote 64 in depth.
65 Tur 89, 289, Shulchan Aruch 89:3, Shulchan Aruch 289:1, Ben Ish
Chai Bereishis 2:18, Mishnah Berurah 7. Those who have to eat before
davening must make kiddush before doing so (Biur Halacha 289 chovas,
Igros Moshe O.C. 2:28 (end), Shemiras Shabbos K’hilchoso 52:12,
Minchas Yitzchok 4:28, Betzel Ha’chuchma 4:147). However, in Igros
Moshe O.C. 2:26 he says if the person is not eating pas haba b’kisnin
then no kiddush is required. One who is sick does not need to recite
kiddush before eating on Shabbos morning (Refer to Yabea Omer 8:31,
Halichos Olom 3:page 24, Ohr L’tzyion 2:20:14).
66 Kaf Ha’chaim 289:16, Shemiras Shabbos K’hilchoso 52:9, Likras
Shabbos 2:27:9.
67 Shulchan Aruch 299:1.
68 Ohr L’tzyion 2:22:7.
69 Refer to Mishnah Berurah 318:39, Igros Moshe O.C. 4:74:16, opinion
of Harav Shlomo Zalman Aurbach zt”l quoted in Shemiras Shabbos
K’hilchoso 1:footnote 135, Yechaveh Da’as 2:44, Ohr Yisroel 14:pages
89-90, see Minchas Yitzchok 1:55, Ohr L’tzyion 2:30:4:footnote 4.
70 The custom of Harav Moshe Feinstein zt”l quoted in Igros Moshe
ibid. The custom and opinion of Harav Yisroel Belsky Shlita, Teshuvos
V’hanhugos 1:207:7, 219, Be’er Moshe 2:21, Minchas Yitzchok 1:55,
9:27, Shevet Ha’Levi 8:63, custom of Harav Elyashiv Shlita quoted in
Meor Ha’Shabbos 1:5:footnote 25.
71 Shar Ha’tzyion 318:65, see ibid:64, Igros Moshe O.C. 4:74:18
(bishul), Bris Olom (tzovaya) page 80, Klalim pages 336-337, Shevet
Ha’Levi 9:71, Betzel Hachuchma 2:49. See Sharei Teshuva 318:4.
72 Refer to www.cosic.org, Kashrus Kurrents from the Star-K.
73 Sharei Teshuva 453:1, Pachad Yitzchok (Coffee) 7:page 61.
74 HaravYisroel Belsky Shlita. See Shevus Yaakov 2:5, Sdei Chemed
8:page 239, Laws of Pesach a Digest 2006:pages 356-358.
75 Halachos Shel Pesach 1:page 103:28.
76 Shulchan Aruch 478:1, Taz 1, Levush 1, Shulchan Aruch Harav 1, Chai
Adom ibid, Aruch Ha’shulchan 1, Mishnah Berurah 1-2, see Shulchan
Aruch 481:1, Kaf Ha’chaim 2, Natei Gavriel 2:98:1, Piskei Teshuvos
page 257, Rivevos Ephraim 3:320, Asei Lecha Rav 3:18:2. There is an
uncertainty in the poskim whether one may chew gum after the afikomen
(Chashukei Chemed Pesachim pages 649-650).
77 Pri Megadim Eishel Avraham 1, Chok Yaakov 1, Elya Rabbah 1,
Shulchan Aruch Harav 478:1. Mishnah Berurah 481:2, Aruch Ha’shulchan
478:3. Harav Yisroel Belsky Shlita says that a lightly flavored
seltzer is permitted, see Aruch Ha’shulchan ibid. Some say soda is
permitted (Halachos Shel Pesach 2:page 375:25).
78 Harav Yisroel Belsky Shlita, see Mishnah Berurah ibid, Orchos Chaim
481:1, Rivevos Ephraim 1:317, 3:319:1, 3:472, Piskei Teshuvos 481:3,
Ohr L’tzyion 3:15:23. Harav Elyashiv Shlita is lenient with tea and
sugar (Halelah Hazeh page 17, in his Haggadah Shel Pesach page 27,
Halachos Shel Pesach 2:page 375:footnote 88). Refer to Ben Ish Chai
Tzav 1:35 who permits it if it is needed.
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