======= quick study guide 14 features of reports ==================== this is an introductory guide to report writing. it pro


=======
Quick study guide 14
Features of reports
====================
This is an introductory guide to report writing. It provides some
general advice on the content and structure of a report. It is
recommended that you consult your Faculty Guidelines and/or Unit Guide
for advice on the required report format for a particular unit.
Differences between the report and the essay
--------------------------------------------
Report
Essay
Topic
*
often a problem or case study which sets up a hypothetical
situation
*
based on reading, field work or practical work
*
responds to a question or a proposition
*
is based on research
Purpose
*
to investigate, analyse and present information
*
usually to make recommendations to solve a problem
*
to articulate a well-argued response to a question or proposition
Audience
*
established in the topic and is often a client or manager
*
an academic audience
Format
*
contains an executive summary or abstract
*
comprises sections with headings
*
may use bullet points, tables, graphs to convey information.
*
does not typically include sections or headings
*
does not typically include use bullet points, tables, graphs
Style
*
third person
*
formal language
*
third or first person
*
formal language
Assessment
Success depends on:
*
the demonstration of good research skills
*
the quality of the recommendations to respond to an issue
*
the presentation and analysis of relevant information
Success depends on:
*
the demonstration of good research skills
*
the identification of a cogent argument
*
the quality of reasoning and evidence
*
how well it analyses and evaluates the issue

Features of reports
1. Referencing and quotations in reports follow the same guidelines
required for essays.
2. A system of numbered sections with headings is typically used.
Check the Faculty or Departmental Guidelines for an appropriate
example for your discipline.
3. Reports contain a title page, contents page, an executive summary
or abstract, an introduction, a body, a conclusion and
recommendations.
4. Just as in the essay, a good report will describe, analyse and
evaluate a problem or issue. Unlike an essay it will describe the
method used to investigate the problem, and formulate a set of
recommendations based on the findings of the report.
Typical report structures
Different types of reports typically include sections. The table below
illustrates the section headings which may be included in different
types of reports.
Business and technical reports
Title page
[Memos of Authorisation and Transmittal]
Executive summary
Table of contents
Introduction
*
Purpose
*
Methodology
*
Limitations
Findings and Discussion
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
Appendices
Laboratory reports
Title page
Abstract
Introduction
*
Theoretical background
*
Aim of present research
Method
*
Materials
*
Procedure
Results and Discussion
References
Appendices
Technical reports
Title page
Summary
Table of contents
Introduction
*
Purpose
*
Problem description
*
Aim
Review of previous research
Presentation of solution
Discussion
Conclusions and
Recommendations
References
Appendices
Note: Different types of reports are used in different subject areas.
Check with your lecturers to clarify exactly what type of structure
you are expected to follow.
July 2013
 Monash University

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