Notes On Matter Matter – Anything That Has Mass

notes on matter matter – anything that has mass and takes up space mass – is the measure of how much material makes up the object we

Notes on Matter
Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space
Mass – is the measure of how much material makes up the object
Weight – measure of the force of gravity on an object
Volume – amount of space an object takes up
Properties of Matter – Property is something about an object that can
be observed such as its size, shape, color, smell, or sound
States of Matter – 3 forms solid, liquid, gas
Solid – person, ice, puppy, flowerpot
Liquid – water, juice, coffee
Gas – air, carbon dioxide
What makes up Matter?
Atoms – tiny particles or building blocks of matter, smallest unit of
matter
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Composed of 3 primary particles
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Protons – carries positive charge
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Neutrons – carries neutral charge
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Electrons – carries negative charge and is smallest particle
of atom
Nucleus – central part of an atom and contains nearly all the mass of
the atom
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2 kinds of particles are found in nucleus and they are protons and
neutrons
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particles called electrons move around nucleus in paths called
orbits
Molecules – 2 or more atoms lightly attached to one another and act as
a unit
Does matter change?
Physical Change – changes in the size and shape of an object
Evaporation – when a liquid changes to a gas
Water Vapor – is water in its gas form
Condensation – Cooling air causes water vapor to change to a liquid
Chemical Change – a change that causes matter to become a new kind of
matter
Mixtures and Solutions
Mixture – 2 or more substances are combined and each substance stays
the same
Solution – mixture has some composition and appearance throughout
Element – a substance that cannot be separated into simple substances
by chemical means
Compound – a combination of 2 or more elements which can be separated
by chemical means but cannot be separated any other way
Mixture Examples
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breakfast cereal (grains, nuts, raisins)
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granite (quartz, hornblende, feldspar)
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Muddy water
Solutions
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ocean water (salt, minerals in water)
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Tincture of Iodine (iodine in alcohol)
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Limestone
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Salt
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Conglomerate rock
Solute – gets dissolved (salt in water)
Solvent – does the dissolving
Filtration – separates sediment from water
Mixture – easily separated
Solution – evenly spreads molecules